Richard J. D. Tilley
This book provides some insight into chemical defects in crystalline solids, focusing on the relationship between basic principles and device applications. It is concerned with the chemical, optical and electronic consequences of the presence of defects in crystals.|
* Provides insight into chemical defects in cystalline solids
* Progresses from a discussion of simple concepts to more complex material
* Emphasizes the relationship between basic principles and device applications
* References current research and experimental results and includes applications throughout the text
* Links principles and applications with a series of case studies
Point Defects. Atomic Mobility: Diffusion. Non-Stoichiometry and Point Defects. Fast Ion Conductors. Non-Stoichiometry and Electronic Conduction. Defects and Optical Properties. Defects, Composition Ranges and Conductivity. Point Defects and Planar Defects. Defects and Non-stoichiometry in High Temperature Superconductors. Non-Stoichiometry: An Overview.
The aim of this text is to provide some insight into chemical defects in crystalline solids. Chemical defects, which are mistakes or changes in the atomic make-up of the crystals, have far-reaching effects on the composition, optical properties and electronic properties of materials.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
POINT DEFECTS The Important Defects Point Defects The Equilibrium Concentration of Schottky Defects in Crystals The Equilibrium Concentration of Frenkel Defects in Crystals Schottky and Frenkel Defects in Crystals Schottky and Frenkel Defects: Trends and Further Considerations Case Study: The Photographic Process Supplementary Reading ATOMIC MOBILITY: DIFFUSION Introduction Self-Diffusion and Tracer Diffusion Chemical Diffusion Chemical Diffusion, Intrinsic Diffusion, and Self-Diffusion Diffusion in Ionic Crystals Case Study: Corrosion and Oxidation Reactions Short-Circuit Diffusion THE ATOMIC THEORY OF DIFFUSION Introduction Self-Diffusion Mechanisms The Arrhenius Equation and the Effect of Temperature The Relationship between D and Diffusion Distance Correlation Effects Case History: Integrated Circuits Ionic Conductivity NON-STOICHIOMETRY AND POINT DEFECTS The Composition of Solids Solid Solutions Case Study: Magnetic Spinels Non-Stoichiometry Substitutional Impurities Density and Defect Type Interpolation Defect Chemistry Point Defect Interactions FAST ION CONDUCTORS Introduction The Lithium Iodide Battery Disordered Cation Compounds Calcia-Stabilized Zirconia and Related Fast Qxygen Ion Conductors Case Study: Fuel Cells The B-Alumina Oxides The LixTiS3N Battery: Role Reversal NON-STOICHIOMETRY AND ELECTRONIC CONDUCTION Introduction Non-stoichiometry in Pure Oxides The Effect of Impurity Atoms Electronic Conduction in Ionic Materials Thermoelectric Effects Band Theory Band Conduction and Hoping Conduction Case Study: Turning an Insulator into a Metal DEFECTS AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES Colour Case Study: Rubies and Ruby Lasers Transparent Electrodes Electrochromic Films Case Study: The Structure of the F-Centre Electron and Hole Centres Case Study: The Search for a Colour Centre Based Information Storage Medium Colour Centre Lasers DEFECTS, COMPOSITION RANGES AND CONDUCTIVITY The Equilibrium Partial Pressure of Oxygen Over an Oxide Variation of Partial Pressure with Composition Electronic Conductivity and Partial Pressure for Ni-xO Case Study: Co1-xO Electronic Conductivity and Partial Pressure for Zn1+xO Brouwer Diagrams Case Study: An Experimentally Determined Brouwer Diagram; CdTe POINT DEFECTS AND PLANAR DEFECTS Point Defects in Nearly Stoichiometric Crystals Point Defect Clusters Microdomains Point Defect Ordering and Assimilation Inerpolation Planar Faults and Boundaries Crystallorgraphic Shear Phases Chemical Twinning Planar Intergrowths Case Study: The Nb2O5 Block Structures Pentagonal Column Phases Defect-Free Structures: Modulated and Incommensurate Phases DEFECTS AND NON-STOICHIOMETRY IN HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS Superconductivity and Superconductors High Temperature Oxide Superconductors Superconducting Oxides Which do not Contain Copper High-Temperature Superconducting Copper Oxides La2CuO4 Electron Superconductors YB2Cu3O7 and Related Phases Pb2Sr2Ycu3O8 The Bi, TI,. And Hg Homologous Series of Superconductors Conclusions NON-STOICHIOMETRY: AN OVERVIEW Ordering, Assimilation, and Elimination of Defects Thermodynamics and Structures Theories and Calculations Defect Structures and Configurations Surface and Interfaces Molecular Dynamics
Klappentext
The aim of this text is to provide some insight into chemical defects in crystalline solids. Chemical defects, which are mistakes or changes in the atomic make-up of the crystals, have far-reaching effects on the composition, optical properties and electronic properties of materials. The area is therefore of relevance to chemists, physicists, materials scientists and engineers. The book has been designed to be read by students with no prior knowledge of the subject, but with a background in basic chemistry and physics. It begins with relatively simple ideas but progresses into a discussion of complex materials, at the forefront of research in the field. The links between principles and applications have been strengthened in the text by the inclusion of a series of case studies. In addition, the crystal structures that are of most importance have been described throughout the book in a series of boxes, to provide a crystallographic reference within the text.
