Proceedings of the Second European Symposium held in Varese, Italy, September 29-October 1, 1981
I. Identifacation and Analysis of Pollutants.- Determination of ground level OH concentrations by a long path laser absorption technique.- Characterization of airborne particles by laser microRaman spectrosocopy.- Automatic Beta gauge instrument for atmospheric dust monitoring.- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of emissions of a municipal incineration installation.- Some measurements of the concentration of chlorine and sulphur containing molecules.- Electrostatic accumulation furnace for electrothermal atomic spectrometry : A new apparatus for the determination of metals in the atmosphere.- Application of the TCM denuder for SO2 collection.- Analytical and sampling techniques in the determination of nitrate in the atmospheric aerosol.- Gaseous reference materials — certification — traceability.- Gas chromatographic detection of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere using specific GC detectors and mass spectrometry in select ED ion monitoring mode.- Polychlorodibenzodioxins and -dibenzofurans in the environment.- Quantitative determination of terpenes emitted by conifers.- The determination of linear PTGC retention indices for use in environmental organics analysis.- II. Chemical and Photochemical Reactions.- Atmospheric reactivity of oxygenated motor fuel additives.- The rate constant for the reaction of the hydroxyl radical with HO2 NO2.- Rate constants for reactions of OH with carbonic acids.- Reactions of disubstituted benzenes with OH in the gas phase benzene, O-, M- P-dichlorobenzene, and P-chloroaniline.- Product analysis of chemical reactions relevant to atmospheric chemistry.- Rate constant of the reaction CH3 + O2 ? CH2O + OH.- Reactions of the triplet state of ketones with molecular oxygen.- Decomposition of the t-butoxy radical.- Chlorine photosensitized oxidation of chloromethanes, -ethanes and -ethylenes.- Laboratory kinetic investigations of the tropospheric oxidation of selected industrial emissions.- Oxidation rates of SO2 in deliquescent salt aerosols.- Photochemical experiments under simulated atmospheric conditions.- Ozone formation in a smog chamber at constant and variable light intensity.- Atmospheric photochemistry : kinetics and mechanism of reactions between aromatic olefins and hydroxyl radical.- III. Aerosols.- Results of 11-years´ measurements of aerosol particle spectra at 0.7, 1.8 and 3.0 km altitude.- Concentration chimique élémentaire de l´aérosol atmosphérique prélevé sur les Alpes françaises.- Granulométrie de l´aérosol marin.- A comprehensive physical and chemical characterization of an urban aerosol by way of example Berlin.- The interpretation of particle size distributions of organic pollutants : physicochemical and toxicological implications.- The relative contributions of scattering and absorption of light to visibility degradation by aerosols.- The fate of lead, zinc and cadmium particles emitted from a lead smeltery stack.- A study of aerosols in smoke.- The size and chemical composition of suspended particles in the ambient atmosphere.- Influence of particle properties on heterogeneous SO2 reactions.- SO2 conversion in a marine atmosphere.- Discussion on the particle formation processes in the Po valley.- IV. Pollutant Cycles.- Cycles of organic gases in the atmosphere.- Production of gaseous hydrocarbons in soil.- Distribution d´alcanes et de composés aromatiques C6 et C7 dans l´atmosphère de régions semi-rurales beiges (Occurence of alkylbenzenes and alkanes immissions in Belgium).- Etude de la source d´ozone dans la couche limite planétaire (Study of the ozone source in the planetary boundary layer).- Vertical profiles of formaldehyde in the troposphere.- Airborne mercury and its origin.- Spectroscopic measurements of nitrous acid and formaldehyde — implications for urban photochemistry.- Rates of sulphur dioxide sink processes.- Investigation of the regional distribution of wet deposition of pollutants.- Résultats préliminaires d´une étude de la composition chimique de l´aérosol côtier.- The increase of carbon dioxide at rural sites of Germany.- Measurement of F?, Cl?, NO?3 and SO=4-ions in rainwater and particulate matter by aid of ionic-chromatography.- V. Transport and Modelling — Field Experiments.- Measurements of NO-oxidation in power plant plumes by correlation spectroscopy.- Measurements by aeroplane of the distribution of ozone and primary air pollutants.- Aircraft measurements of oxidants and precursors in the plumes of heavy-industrialized areas.- Studies of the fate of atmospheric emissions in power plant plumes over the North Sea.- Photochemical ozone transport in an industrial coastal area.- Herkunftsanalyse des atmosphärischen Aerosols in Wien (Source analysis of the Vienna atmospheric aerosol).- Size-segregated measurements of particulate elemental carbon by optical methods at urban and remote sites.- On the use of SF6-tracer releases for the determination of fugitive emissions.- Utilisation d´une équation pour l´énergie cinétique turbulente dans les modèles numériques de méso-échelle — applications et commentaires (Equation for the spatio-temporal evolution of the turbulent kinetic energy).- Intercomparison of Lidar and spectroscopic data for the study of power plant emissions.- The real meaning of dry deposition velocities for dispersion calculations.- Reasons for seasonal and daily variations of CO2 and O3 at 0.7, 1.8 and 3.0 km altitude recorded since 1977.- Analysis of a photochemical smog episode and preparation of the meteorological input data for a three dimensional air quality dispersion model.- Urban ozone — an indicator of photochemical smog?.- Modèle numérique de dispersion pour l´étude de l´interaction entre polluants gazeux radioactifs et gouttelettes issues de réfrigérants atmosphériques.- Numerical model of dispersion in atmosphere of chemically reactive pollutants.- On the results of the aerosol measuring network for particulate sulphates and nitrates in the period 1979–1980 in the Netherlands (Part 1).- Assessment and chemical analysis of water soluble atmospheric fall-out on some sites in France where brackish-water cooling towers may be constructed; contribution of salt droplets emission from the towers.- Quelques aspects de la simulation hydraulique de la couche limite atmosphérique et de phénomènes connexes (A few insights in hydraulic modelling of the atmospheric boundary layer and related phenomena).- The presence of PAN in long-range transported polluted air masses.- The turnover of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmospheric boundary layer.- Chairmen´s Summaries.- Identification and analysis of pollutants.- Chemical and photochemical reactions.- Aerosols.- Pollutant cycles.- Transport and modelling — Field experiments.- List of Participants.- Index of Authors.
In this volume, the Camnission of the Eurc.pean camunities presents the proceedißJs of the secood Eurc.pean Synpositun en the physioo-chemical behaviour of atIoospheric pollutants. '!bese Symposia are organized in intervals of about t'110 years wi thin the framework of a Concerted Action in this area, which is part of the CCIIlIlIll1ities' research progranure in the environmental field. '!be Eurc.pean CCIIlIlIll1ities co-operate in this area wi th Eurc.pean Non-Member States under an agreement within the frame'llOrk of coor (~ration Scientifique et Technique). This Jlgreement (COOT Project 61a bis) has been signed by the European Communities, Austria, Switzerland, Sweden and Yugoslavia. 'lbe scc.pe of the Concerted Actien is to co-onHnate all research in the area executed in the participatißJ countries and to collect and dissemi nate the results. The research inventory established comprises 165 individual projects~ regular meetings of 5 WorkißJ Parties permit close contacts amoßJst the scientists involved. 'lbe Eurc.pean Syrrposia should pennit fran time to time an overall review of the progress. 'lbe first Symposium held in October 1979 ) permitted to review the state of progress at the beginning of the Concerted Actien. The second Symposium gives now an overview of the important achievements durißJ the past two years. These are evident already fran the number of contri butions which increased from 45 in 1979 to 74 in 1981. The results collected durißJ this per iod permi tted the presentation of a number of important review papers.
I. Identifacation and Analysis of Pollutants.- II. Chemical and Photochemical Reactions.- III. Aerosols.- IV. Pollutant Cycles.- V. Transport and Modelling - Field Experiments.- Chairmen's Summaries.- List of Participants.- Index of Authors.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
I. Identifacation and Analysis of Pollutants.- Determination of ground level OH concentrations by a long path laser absorption technique.- Characterization of airborne particles by laser microRaman spectrosocopy.- Automatic Beta gauge instrument for atmospheric dust monitoring.- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of emissions of a municipal incineration installation.- Some measurements of the concentration of chlorine and sulphur containing molecules.- Electrostatic accumulation furnace for electrothermal atomic spectrometry : A new apparatus for the determination of metals in the atmosphere.- Application of the TCM denuder for SO2 collection.- Analytical and sampling techniques in the determination of nitrate in the atmospheric aerosol.- Gaseous reference materials ¿ certification ¿ traceability.- Gas chromatographic detection of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere using specific GC detectors and mass spectrometry in select ED ion monitoring mode.- Polychlorodibenzodioxins and -dibenzofurans in the environment.- Quantitative determination of terpenes emitted by conifers.- The determination of linear PTGC retention indices for use in environmental organics analysis.- II. Chemical and Photochemical Reactions.- Atmospheric reactivity of oxygenated motor fuel additives.- The rate constant for the reaction of the hydroxyl radical with HO2 NO2.- Rate constants for reactions of OH with carbonic acids.- Reactions of disubstituted benzenes with OH in the gas phase benzene, O-, M- P-dichlorobenzene, and P-chloroaniline.- Product analysis of chemical reactions relevant to atmospheric chemistry.- Rate constant of the reaction CH3 + O2 ? CH2O + OH.- Reactions of the triplet state of ketones with molecular oxygen.- Decomposition of the t-butoxy radical.- Chlorine photosensitized oxidation of chloromethanes, -ethanes and -ethylenes.- Laboratory kinetic investigations of the tropospheric oxidation of selected industrial emissions.- Oxidation rates of SO2 in deliquescent salt aerosols.- Photochemical experiments under simulated atmospheric conditions.- Ozone formation in a smog chamber at constant and variable light intensity.- Atmospheric photochemistry : kinetics and mechanism of reactions between aromatic olefins and hydroxyl radical.- III. Aerosols.- Results of 11-years¿ measurements of aerosol particle spectra at 0.7, 1.8 and 3.0 km altitude.- Concentration chimique élémentaire de l¿aérosol atmosphérique prélevé sur les Alpes françaises.- Granulométrie de l¿aérosol marin.- A comprehensive physical and chemical characterization of an urban aerosol by way of example Berlin.- The interpretation of particle size distributions of organic pollutants : physicochemical and toxicological implications.- The relative contributions of scattering and absorption of light to visibility degradation by aerosols.- The fate of lead, zinc and cadmium particles emitted from a lead smeltery stack.- A study of aerosols in smoke.- The size and chemical composition of suspended particles in the ambient atmosphere.- Influence of particle properties on heterogeneous SO2 reactions.- SO2 conversion in a marine atmosphere.- Discussion on the particle formation processes in the Po valley.- IV. Pollutant Cycles.- Cycles of organic gases in the atmosphere.- Production of gaseous hydrocarbons in soil.- Distribution d¿alcanes et de composés aromatiques C6 et C7 dans l¿atmosphère de régions semi-rurales beiges (Occurence of alkylbenzenes and alkanes immissions in Belgium).- Etude de la source d¿ozone dans la couche limite planétaire (Study of the ozone source in the planetary boundary layer).- Vertical profiles of formaldehyde in the troposphere.- Airborne mercury and its origin.- Spectroscopic measurements of nitrous acid and formaldehyde ¿ implications for urban photochemistry.- Rates of sulphur dioxide sink processes.- Investigation of the regional distribution of wet deposition of pollutants.- Résultats préliminaires d¿une étude de la composition chimique de l¿aérosol côtier.- The increase of carbon dioxide at rural sites of Germany.- Measurement of F?, Cl?, NO?3 and SO=4-ions in rainwater and particulate matter by aid of ionic-chromatography.- V. Transport and Modelling ¿ Field Experiments.- Measurements of NO-oxidation in power plant plumes by correlation spectroscopy.- Measurements by aeroplane of the distribution of ozone and primary air pollutants.- Aircraft measurements of oxidants and precursors in the plumes of heavy-industrialized areas.- Studies of the fate of atmospheric emissions in power plant plumes over the North Sea.- Photochemical ozone transport in an industrial coastal area.- Herkunftsanalyse des atmosphärischen Aerosols in Wien (Source analysis of the Vienna atmospheric aerosol).- Size-segregated measurements of particulate elemental carbon by optical methods at urban and remote sites.- On the use of SF6-tracer releases for the determination of fugitive emissions.- Utilisation d¿une équation pour l¿énergie cinétique turbulente dans les modèles numériques de méso-échelle ¿ applications et commentaires (Equation for the spatio-temporal evolution of the turbulent kinetic energy).- Intercomparison of Lidar and spectroscopic data for the study of power plant emissions.- The real meaning of dry deposition velocities for dispersion calculations.- Reasons for seasonal and daily variations of CO2 and O3 at 0.7, 1.8 and 3.0 km altitude recorded since 1977.- Analysis of a photochemical smog episode and preparation of the meteorological input data for a three dimensional air quality dispersion model.- Urban ozone ¿ an indicator of photochemical smog?.- Modèle numérique de dispersion pour l¿étude de l¿interaction entre polluants gazeux radioactifs et gouttelettes issues de réfrigérants atmosphériques.- Numerical model of dispersion in atmosphere of chemically reactive pollutants.- On the results of the aerosol measuring network for particulate sulphates and nitrates in the period 1979¿1980 in the Netherlands (Part 1).- Assessment and chemical analysis of water soluble atmospheric fall-out on some sites in France where brackish-water cooling towers may be constructed; contribution of salt droplets emission from the towers.- Quelques aspects de la simulation hydraulique de la couche limite atmosphérique et de phénomènes connexes (A few insights in hydraulic modelling of the atmospheric boundary layer and related phenomena).- The presence of PAN in long-range transported polluted air masses.- The turnover of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmospheric boundary layer.- Chairmen¿s Summaries.- Identification and analysis of pollutants.- Chemical and photochemical reactions.- Aerosols.- Pollutant cycles.- Transport and modelling ¿ Field experiments.- List of Participants.- Index of Authors.
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