Investigates waterlogging, one of the major problems for plant cultivation
The first book considering both agronomical/environmental and cellular aspects of waterlogging stress perception and tolerance
In the last half century, because of the raising world population and because of the many environmental issues posed by the industrialization, the amount of arable land per person has declined from 0.32 ha in 1961–1963 to 0.21 ha in 1997–1999 and is expected to drop further to 0.16 ha by 2030 and therefore is a severe menace to food security (FAO 2006). At the same time, about 12 million ha of irrigated land in the developing world has lost its productivity due to waterlogging and salinity. Waterlogging is a major problem for plant cultivation in many regions of the world. The reasons are in part due to climatic change that leads to the increased number of precipitations of great intensity, in part to land degradation. Considering India alone, the total area suffering from waterlogging is estimated to be about 3.3 million ha (Bhattacharya 1992), the major causes of waterlogging include super- ous irrigation supplies, seepage losses from canal, impeded sub-surface drainage, and lack of proper land development. In addition, many irrigated areas are s- jected to yield decline because of waterlogging due to inadequate drainage systems. Worldwide, it has been estimated that at least one-tenth of the irrigated cropland suffers from waterlogging.
Part 1: Whole-plant regulationOxygen Transport in Waterlogged Plants Lars Wegner 1.1 Introduction1.2 O2 transport in plants: Some basic physics, and modeling of O2 diffusion1.3 A survey of methods to study O2 transport and related parameters in higher plants1.4 Anatomical adaptations to flooding stress: Barriers to radial oxygen loss1.5 Anatomical adaptations to flooding stress: Formation of aerenchyma1.6 Mechanisms of O2 transport in plants1.7 O2 transport in plants: Ecological implications1.8 Open questions and directions of further research1.9 Acknowledgements1.10 Literature citedWaterlogging and Plant Nutrient UptakeJ. Theo M. Elzenga & Hans van Veen 2.1 Abstract 2.2 Introduction 2.3 Effects of hypoxia on nutrient uptake 2.3.1 Effects on root elongation and nutrient uptake capacity 2.3.2 Waterlogging effects on nutrient availability 2.3.3 Plant responses to waterlogging increasing uptake surface 2.3.4 Waterlogging decreases nutrient bulk flow 2.3.5 Changes in nutrient uptake kinetics 2.4 Summary and concluding remarks Strategies for Adaptation to Waterlogging and Hypoxia in Nitrogen Fixing Nodules of Legumes Daniel M. Roberts, Won Gyu Choi and Jin Ha Hwang Abstract 3.1 Introduction: The Oxygen Diffusion Barrier in Nodules 3.1.1 Nodule morphology and the gas diffusion barrier 3.1.2 Modulation of the gas diffusion barrier 3.1.3 Control of the gas diffusion barrier in response to sub-ambient O2 and flooding 3.1.4 Mechanism of regulation of the gas diffusion barrier in response to pO2 3.2 Developmental and morphological adaptations of nitrogen-fixing nodules to low oxygen stress 3.2.1 Secondary Aerenchyma Formation 3.2.2 The Inner Cortex and Infected Zone 3.2.3 Influence of adaptive changes on nitrogen fixation under altered rhizosphere pO2 conditions 3.3 Strategies of Adaptation: Flood-tolerant legumes and oxygen diffusion 3.3.1 Tropical wetland legumes 3.3.1.1 Nodulation of submerged stems and roots: increased porosity mechanisms 3.3.1.2 Aerial nodulation of stems and adventitious roots: avoidance mechanisms 3.3.2 Lotus uliginosus: a temperate wetland legume 3.4 Strategies of Adaptation: Alternate nodulation pathways for flooding tolerant legumes 3.4.1 Intercellular -based mechanism of nodulation: The Lateral Root Boundary Pathway 3.4.2 Sesbania rostrata: A model legume for aquatic nodulation 3.5 Summary and Concluding Remarks References Oxygen transport in the sapwood of treesSergio Mugnai & Stefano Mancuso4.1 Brief anatomy of a woody stem 4.2 The atmosphere inside a stem: gas composition and its effect on respiration 4.3 Gas transport and diffusion 4.4 Radial and axial oxygen transport to sapwood4.5 Sapwood respiration References Part 2: Intracellular SignalingpH Signaling During AnoxiaHubert Felle Abstract. 5.1 Introduction5.2 pH, signal and regulator 5.2.1 pH as systemic signal5.2.2 The nature of the pH-transmission5.2.3 What is the information?5.3 Anoxic energy crisis and pH-regulation5.3.1 The Davis-Roberts-hypothesis: aspects of pH signaling5.3.2 Cytoplasmic acidification, ATP and membrane potential5.3.3 Cytoplasmic pH (-change), an error signal?5.4 pH-interactions between the (major) compartments during anoxia5.4.1 The pH trans-tonoplast pH gradient5.4.2 Cytoplasm and apoplast5.4.3 The apoplast under anoxia5.5 Anoxia
In the last half century, because of the raising world population and because of the many environmental issues posed by the industrialization, the amount of arable land per person has declined from 0.32 ha in 1961-1963 to 0.21 ha in 1997-1999 and is expected to drop further to 0.16 ha by 2030 and therefore is a severe menace to food security (FAO 2006). At the same time, about 12 million ha of irrigated land in the developing world has lost its productivity due to waterlogging and salinity. Waterlogging is a major problem for plant cultivation in many regions of the world. The reasons are in part due to climatic change that leads to the increased number of precipitations of great intensity, in part to land degradation. Considering India alone, the total area suffering from waterlogging is estimated to be about 3.3 million ha (Bhattacharya 1992), the major causes of waterlogging include super- ous irrigation supplies, seepage losses from canal, impeded sub-surface drainage, and lack of proper land development. In addition, many irrigated areas are s- jected to yield decline because of waterlogging due to inadequate drainage systems. Worldwide, it has been estimated that at least one-tenth of the irrigated cropland suffers from waterlogging.
Whole-Plant Regulation.- Oxygen Transport in Waterlogged Plants.- Waterlogging and Plant Nutrient Uptake.- Strategies for Adaptation to Waterlogging and Hypoxia in Nitrogen Fixing Nodules of Legumes.- Oxygen Transport in the Sapwood of Trees.- Intracellular Signalling.- pH Signaling During Anoxia.- Programmed Cell Death and Aerenchyma Formation Under Hypoxia.- Oxygen Deprivation, Metabolic Adaptations and Oxidative Stress.- Membrane Transporters in Waterlogging Tolerance.- Root Water Transport Under Waterlogged Conditions and the Roles of Aquaporins.- Root Oxygen Deprivation and Leaf Biochemistry in Trees.- Membrane Transporters and Waterlogging Tolerance.- Ion Transport in Aquatic Plants.- Agronomical and Environmental Aspects.- Genetic Variability and Determinism of Adaptation of Plants to Soil Waterlogging.- Improvement of Plant Waterlogging Tolerance.
Stefano Mancuso, Professor an der Universität Florenz, leitet das Laboratorio Internazionale di Neurobiologia Vegetale und ist Gründungsmitglied der International Society for Plant Signaling and Behavior. Mit über 250 wissenschaftlichen Publikationen gilt er international als der Spezialist zum Thema. Er sprach 2010 auf der TED-Konferenz, nahm mit Experimenten am europäischen Space Shuttle-Programm teil und stellt auf der EXPO 2015 in Mailand ein neuartiges Pflanzenkultivierungsprojekt vor.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Whole-Plant Regulation.- Oxygen Transport in Waterlogged Plants.- Waterlogging and Plant Nutrient Uptake.- Strategies for Adaptation to Waterlogging and Hypoxia in Nitrogen Fixing Nodules of Legumes.- Oxygen Transport in the Sapwood of Trees.- Intracellular Signalling.- pH Signaling During Anoxia.- Programmed Cell Death and Aerenchyma Formation Under Hypoxia.- Oxygen Deprivation, Metabolic Adaptations and Oxidative Stress.- Membrane Transporters in Waterlogging Tolerance.- Root Water Transport Under Waterlogged Conditions and the Roles of Aquaporins.- Root Oxygen Deprivation and Leaf Biochemistry in Trees.- Membrane Transporters and Waterlogging Tolerance.- Ion Transport in Aquatic Plants.- Agronomical and Environmental Aspects.- Genetic Variability and Determinism of Adaptation of Plants to Soil Waterlogging.- Improvement of Plant Waterlogging Tolerance.
Klappentext
In the last half century, because of the raising world population and because of the many environmental issues posed by the industrialization, the amount of arable land per person has declined from 0.32 ha in 1961-1963 to 0.21 ha in 1997-1999 and is expected to drop further to 0.16 ha by 2030 and therefore is a severe menace to food security (FAO 2006). At the same time, about 12 million ha of irrigated land in the developing world has lost its productivity due to waterlogging and salinity. Waterlogging is a major problem for plant cultivation in many regions of the world. The reasons are in part due to climatic change that leads to the increased number of precipitations of great intensity, in part to land degradation. Considering India alone, the total area suffering from waterlogging is estimated to be about 3.3 million ha (Bhattacharya 1992), the major causes of waterlogging include super- ous irrigation supplies, seepage losses from canal, impeded sub-surface drainage, and lack of proper land development. In addition, many irrigated areas are s- jected to yield decline because of waterlogging due to inadequate drainage systems. Worldwide, it has been estimated that at least one-tenth of the irrigated cropland suffers from waterlogging.
Investigates waterlogging, one of the major problems for plant cultivation
The first book considering both agronomical/environmental and cellular aspects of waterlogging stress perception and tolerance
Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras
