Includes cutting-edge methods and key techniques to characterize cerebral angiogenesis
Provides step-by-step detail essential for reproducible results
Contains key notes and implementation advice from the experts
Includes cutting-edge methods and key techniques to characterize cerebral angiogenesis
Provides step-by-step detail essential for reproducible results
Contains key notes and implementation advice from the experts
Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras
Providing a selection of the key techniques that are used in characterizing cerebral angiogenesis, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols aims to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this important process. Divided into six parts, this detailed volume examines cerebral angiogenesis occurring in different scenarios, a variety of different models in which cerebral angiogenesis can be studied, methods to characterize and quantify angiogenic events as well as several different approaches to measure changes in cerebral blood flow, different approaches to investigate the role of specific candidate genes in cerebral angiogenesis, methods of therapeutically manipulating cerebral angiogenesis by gene delivery, and finally important approaches to examine cerebral angiogenic mechanisms in vitro. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their specific topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Comprehensive and decidedly practical, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols should be a vital resource for all researchers, both those new to this field as well as those looking to use more specialized and sophisticated techniques to examine blood vessel growth in the brain.
Part I: Overview of Cerebral Angiogenesis
1. Cerebral Angiogenesis During Development: Who´s Conducting the Orchestra?
Ina M. Wittko-Schneider, Fabian T. Schneider, and Karl H. Plate
2. Cerebral Angiogenesis: A Realistic Therapy for Ischemic Disease?
David A. Greenberg
3. Vascular Normalization in Cerebral Angiogenesis: Friend or Foe?
Jisook Lee, Andrew Baird, and Brian P. Eliceiri
4. Pericytes and Adaptive Angioplasticity: The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK)
Paula Dore-Duffy
Part II: Animal Models of Cerebral Angiogenesis
5. Analysis of Angiogenesis in the Developing Mouse Central Nervous System
Nicole Ziegler, Karl H. Plate, and Stefan Liebner
6. Hypoxia-Induced Angiogenesis and Capillary Density Determination
Constantinos P. Tsipis, Xiaoyan Sun, Kui Xu, and Joseph C. LaManna
7. The Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Fudong Liu and Louise D. McCullough
8. A Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Characterizing Features of Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Masafumi Ihara, Akihiko Taguchi, Takakuni Maki, Kazuo Washida, and Hidekazu Tomimoto
9. A Mouse Model of Permanent Focal Ischemia: Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
Kristian P. Doyle and Marion S. Buckwalter
10. A Method of Inducing Global Cerebral Ischemia
Gina Hadley, Michalis Papadakis, and Alastair M. Buchan
11. Induction of Cerebral Arteriogenesis in Mice
André Duelsner, Nora Gatzke, Anja Bondke Persson, and Ivo R. Buschmann
12. Vessel Painting Technique for Visualizing the Cerebral Vascular Architecture of the Mouse
Shea Hughes, Olkesankr Dashkin, and Richard Anthony DeFazio
13. Examining Cerebral Angiogenesis in Response to Physical Exercise
Kiersten L. Berggren, Jacob J.M. Kay, and Rodney A. Swain
Part III: Methods of Examining Cerebral Angiogenesis
14. Histological Assessment of Angiogenesis in the Hypoxic Central Nervous System
Moises Freitas-Andrade, Jacqueline Slinn, Claudie Charlebois, and Maria J. Moreno
15. Examining Vascular Remodeling in the Hypoxic Central Nervous System
Amin Boroujerdi, Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, and Richard Milner
16. Analysis of Cerebral Angiogenesis in Human Glioblastomas
Michel Mittelbronn, Peter Baumgarten, Patrick N. Harter, and Karl H. Plate
17. Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements Using MRI
Eric R. Muir, Lora Talley Watts, Yash Vardhan Tiwari, Andrew Bresnen, and Timothy Q. Duong
18. Fluorescent Angiogenesis Models Using Gelfoam® Implanted in Transgenic Mice Expressing Fluorescent Proteins
Robert M. Hoffman
19. Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging to Measure Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow
Ian R. Winship
20. Laser Doppler Flowmetry to Measure Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow
Brad A. Sutherland, Tamer Rabie, and Alastair M. Buchan
Part IV: Determining the Role of Candidate Genes in Cerebral Angiogenesis
21. Defining the Role Of HIF and Its Downstream Mediators in Hypoxic-Induced Cerebral Angiogenesis
Xiaoyan Sun, Constantinos P. Tsipis, Girriso F. Benderro, Kui Xu, and Joseph C. LaManna
22. Inducible Gene Deletion in Glial Cells to Study Angiogenesis in the Central Nervous System
Hye Shin Lee and Joseph H. McCarty
23. Bone Marrow Chimera Experiments to Determine the Contribution of Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Cerebral Angiogenesis
Marcia Regina Machein and Karl H. Plate
24. Novel Methods for Accurate Identification, Isolation, and Genomic Analysis of Symptomatic Micro-Environments in Atherosclerotic Arteries
Mark Slevin, Maribel Baldellou, Elspeth Hill, Yvonne Alexander, Garry McDowell, Christopher Murgatroyd, Michael Carroll, Hans Degens, Jerzy Krupinski, Norma Rovira, Mohammad Chowdhury, Ferdinand Serracino-Inglott, and Lina Badimon
Part V: Stimulation of Cerebral Angiogenesis by Gene Delivery
25. Induction of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation in the Adult Mouse
Wanqiu Chen, William L. Young, and Hua Su
26. Stimulation of Cerebral Angiogenesis by Gene Delivery
Yaohui Tang, Yaning Li, Xiaojie Lin, Peng Miao, Yongting Wang, and Guo-Yuan Yang
27. Investigating the Role of Perlecan Domain V in Post-Ischemic Cerebral Angiogenesis
Aileen Marcelo and Gregory Bix
Part VI: Methods to Study Cerebral Angiogenesis In Vitro
28. Isolation and Culture of Primary Mouse Brain Endothelial Cells
Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, Amin Boroujerdi, and Richard Milner
29. Purification of Endothelial Cells from the Rat Brain
Jinhua Luo, Xiangling Yin, Alma Sanchez, Debjani Tripathy, Joseph Martinez, and Paula Grammas
30. Generation of Primary Cultures of Bovine Brain Endothelial Cells and Setup of Co-Cultures with Rat Astrocytes
Hans C. Helms and Birger Brodin
31. Isolation and Culture of Primary Pericytes from Mouse Brain
Amin Boroujerdi, Ulrich Tigges, Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, and Richard Milner
32. Assays to Examine Endothelial Cell Migration, Tube Formation, and Gene Expression Profiles
Shuzhen Guo, Josephine Lok, Yi Liu, Kazuhide Hayakawa, Wendy Leung, Changhong Xing, Xunming Ji, and Eng H. Lo
33. A Neurovascular Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro Model
Christoph M. Zehendner, Robin White, Jana Hedrich, and Heiko J. Luhmann
34. In Vitro Models of the Blood-Brain Barrier
Cathrin J. Czupalla, Stefan Liebner, and Kavi Devraj
Providing a selection of the key techniques that are used in characterizing cerebral angiogenesis, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols aims to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this important process. Divided into six parts, this detailed volume examines cerebral angiogenesis occurring in different scenarios, a variety of different models in which cerebral angiogenesis can be studied, methods to characterize and quantify angiogenic events as well as several different approaches to measure changes in cerebral blood flow, different approaches to investigate the role of specific candidate genes in cerebral angiogenesis, methods of therapeutically manipulating cerebral angiogenesis by gene delivery, and finally important approaches to examine cerebral angiogenic mechanisms in vitro. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their specific topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Comprehensive and decidedly practical,
Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols should be a vital resource for all researchers, both those new to this field as well as those looking to use more specialized and sophisticated techniques to examine blood vessel growth in the brain.
Providing a selection of the key techniques that are used in characterizing cerebral angiogenesis, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols aims to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this important process. Divided into six parts, this detailed volume examines cerebral angiogenesis occurring in different scenarios, a variety of different models in which cerebral angiogenesis can be studied, methods to characterize and quantify angiogenic events as well as several different approaches to measure changes in cerebral blood flow, different approaches to investigate the role of specific candidate genes in cerebral angiogenesis, methods of therapeutically manipulating cerebral angiogenesis by gene delivery, and finally important approaches to examine cerebral angiogenic mechanisms in vitro. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their specific topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Comprehensive and decidedly practical, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols should be a vital resource for all researchers, both those new to this field as well as those looking to use more specialized and sophisticated techniques to examine blood vessel growth in the brain.
Part I: Overview of Cerebral Angiogenesis
1. Cerebral Angiogenesis During Development: Who's Conducting the Orchestra?
Ina M. Wittko-Schneider, Fabian T. Schneider, and Karl H. Plate
2. Cerebral Angiogenesis: A Realistic Therapy for Ischemic Disease?
David A. Greenberg
3. Vascular Normalization in Cerebral Angiogenesis: Friend or Foe?
Jisook Lee, Andrew Baird, and Brian P. Eliceiri
4. Pericytes and Adaptive Angioplasticity: The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK)
Paula Dore-Duffy
Part II: Animal Models of Cerebral Angiogenesis
5. Analysis of Angiogenesis in the Developing Mouse Central Nervous System
Nicole Ziegler, Karl H. Plate, and Stefan Liebner
6. Hypoxia-Induced Angiogenesis and Capillary Density Determination
Constantinos P. Tsipis, Xiaoyan Sun, Kui Xu, and Joseph C. LaManna
7. The Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Fudong Liu and Louise D. McCullough
8. A Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Characterizing Features of Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Masafumi Ihara, Akihiko Taguchi, Takakuni Maki, Kazuo Washida, and Hidekazu Tomimoto
9. A Mouse Model of Permanent Focal Ischemia: Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
Kristian P. Doyle and Marion S. Buckwalter
10. A Method of Inducing Global Cerebral Ischemia
Gina Hadley, Michalis Papadakis, and Alastair M. Buchan
11. Induction of Cerebral Arteriogenesis in Mice
André Duelsner, Nora Gatzke, Anja Bondke Persson, and Ivo R. Buschmann
12. Vessel Painting Technique for Visualizing the Cerebral Vascular Architecture of the Mouse
Shea Hughes, Olkesankr Dashkin, and Richard Anthony DeFazio
13. Examining Cerebral Angiogenesis in Response to Physical Exercise
Kiersten L. Berggren, Jacob J.M. Kay, and Rodney A. Swain
Part III: Methods of Examining Cerebral Angiogenesis
14. Histological Assessment of Angiogenesis in the Hypoxic Central Nervous System
Moises Freitas-Andrade, Jacqueline Slinn, Claudie Charlebois, and Maria J. Moreno
15. Examining Vascular Remodeling in the Hypoxic Central Nervous System
Amin Boroujerdi, Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, and Richard Milner
16. Analysis of Cerebral Angiogenesis in Human Glioblastomas
Michel Mittelbronn, Peter Baumgarten, Patrick N. Harter, and Karl H. Plate
17. Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements Using MRI
Eric R. Muir, Lora Talley Watts, Yash Vardhan Tiwari, Andrew Bresnen, and Timothy Q. Duong
18. Fluorescent Angiogenesis Models Using Gelfoam® Implanted in Transgenic Mice Expressing Fluorescent Proteins
Robert M. Hoffman
19. Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging to Measure Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow
Ian R. Winship
20. Laser Doppler Flowmetry to Measure Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow
Brad A. Sutherland, Tamer Rabie, and Alastair M. Buchan
Part IV: Determining the Role of Candidate Genes in Cerebral Angiogenesis
21. Defining the Role Of HIF and Its Downstream Mediators in Hypoxic-Induced Cerebral Angiogenesis
Xiaoyan Sun, Constantinos P. Tsipis, Girriso F. Benderro, Kui Xu, and Joseph C. LaManna
22. Inducible Gene Deletion in Glial Cells to Study Angiogenesis in the Central Nervous System
Hye Shin Lee and Joseph H. McCarty
23. Bone Marrow Chimera Experiments to Determine the Contribution of Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Cerebral Angiogenesis
Marcia Regina Machein and Karl H. Plate
24. Novel Methods for Accurate Identification, Isolation, and Genomic Analysis of Symptomatic Micro-Environments in Atherosclerotic Arteries
Mark Slevin, Maribel Baldellou, Elspeth Hill, Yvonne Alexander, Garry McDowell, Christopher Murgatroyd, Michael Carroll, Hans Degens, Jerzy Krupinski, Norma Rovira, Mohammad Chowdhury, Ferdinand Serracino-Inglott, and Lina Badimon
Part V: Stimulation of Cerebral Angiogenesis by Gene Delivery
25. Induction of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation in the Adult Mouse
Wanqiu Chen, William L. Young, and Hua Su
26. Stimulation of Cerebral Angiogenesis by Gene Delivery
Yaohui Tang, Yaning Li, Xiaojie Lin, Peng Miao, Yongting Wang, and Guo-Yuan Yang
27. Investigating the Role of Perlecan Domain V in Post-Ischemic Cerebral Angiogenesis
Aileen Marcelo and Gregory Bix
Part VI: Methods to Study Cerebral Angiogenesis In Vitro
28. Isolation and Culture of Primary Mouse Brain Endothelial Cells
Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, Amin Boroujerdi, and Richard Milner
29. Purification of Endothelial Cells from the Rat Brain
Jinhua Luo, Xiangling Yin, Alma Sanchez, Debjani Tripathy, Joseph Martinez, and Paula Grammas
30. Generation of Primary Cultures of Bovine Brain Endothelial Cells and Setup of Co-Cultures with Rat Astrocytes
Hans C. Helms and Birger Brodin
31. Isolation and Culture of Primary Pericytes from Mouse Brain
Amin Boroujerdi, Ulrich Tigges, Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, and Richard Milner
32. Assays to Examine Endothelial Cell Migration, Tube Formation, and Gene Expression Profiles
Shuzhen Guo, Josephine Lok, Yi Liu, Kazuhide Hayakawa, Wendy Leung, Changhong Xing, Xunming Ji, and Eng H. Lo
33. A Neurovascular Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro Model
Christoph M. Zehendner, Robin White, Jana Hedrich, and Heiko J. Luhmann
34. In Vitro Models of the Blood-Brain Barrier
Cathrin J. Czupalla, Stefan Liebner, and Kavi Devraj
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Part I: Overview of Cerebral Angiogenesis
1. Cerebral Angiogenesis During Development: Who's Conducting the Orchestra?
Ina M. Wittko-Schneider, Fabian T. Schneider, and Karl H. Plate
2. Cerebral Angiogenesis: A Realistic Therapy for Ischemic Disease?
David A. Greenberg
3. Vascular Normalization in Cerebral Angiogenesis: Friend or Foe?
Jisook Lee, Andrew Baird, and Brian P. Eliceiri
4. Pericytes and Adaptive Angioplasticity: The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK)
Paula Dore-Duffy
Part II: Animal Models of Cerebral Angiogenesis
5. Analysis of Angiogenesis in the Developing Mouse Central Nervous System
Nicole Ziegler, Karl H. Plate, and Stefan Liebner
6. Hypoxia-Induced Angiogenesis and Capillary Density Determination
Constantinos P. Tsipis, Xiaoyan Sun, Kui Xu, and Joseph C. LaManna
7. The Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Fudong Liu and Louise D. McCullough
8. A Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Characterizing Features of Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Masafumi Ihara, Akihiko Taguchi, Takakuni Maki, Kazuo Washida, and Hidekazu Tomimoto
9. A Mouse Model of Permanent Focal Ischemia: Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
Kristian P. Doyle and Marion S. Buckwalter
10. A Method of Inducing Global Cerebral Ischemia
Gina Hadley, Michalis Papadakis, and Alastair M. Buchan
11. Induction of Cerebral Arteriogenesis in Mice
André Duelsner, Nora Gatzke, Anja Bondke Persson, and Ivo R. Buschmann
12. Vessel Painting Technique for Visualizing the Cerebral Vascular Architecture of the Mouse
Shea Hughes, Olkesankr Dashkin, and Richard Anthony DeFazio
13. Examining Cerebral Angiogenesis in Response to Physical Exercise
Kiersten L. Berggren, Jacob J.M. Kay, and Rodney A. Swain
Part III: Methods of Examining Cerebral Angiogenesis
14. Histological Assessment of Angiogenesis in the Hypoxic Central Nervous System
Moises Freitas-Andrade, Jacqueline Slinn, Claudie Charlebois, and Maria J. Moreno
15. Examining Vascular Remodeling in the Hypoxic Central Nervous System
Amin Boroujerdi, Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, and Richard Milner
16. Analysis of Cerebral Angiogenesis in Human Glioblastomas
Michel Mittelbronn, Peter Baumgarten, Patrick N. Harter, and Karl H. Plate
17. Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements Using MRI
Eric R. Muir, Lora Talley Watts, Yash Vardhan Tiwari, Andrew Bresnen, and Timothy Q. Duong
18. Fluorescent Angiogenesis Models Using Gelfoam® Implanted in Transgenic Mice Expressing Fluorescent Proteins
Robert M. Hoffman
19. Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging to Measure Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow
Ian R. Winship
20. Laser Doppler Flowmetry to Measure Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow
Brad A. Sutherland, Tamer Rabie, and Alastair M. Buchan
Part IV: Determining the Role of Candidate Genes in Cerebral Angiogenesis
21. Defining the Role Of HIF and Its Downstream Mediators in Hypoxic-Induced Cerebral Angiogenesis
Xiaoyan Sun, Constantinos P. Tsipis, Girriso F. Benderro, Kui Xu, and Joseph C. LaManna
22. Inducible Gene Deletion in Glial Cells to Study Angiogenesis in the Central Nervous System
Hye Shin Lee and Joseph H. McCarty
23. Bone Marrow Chimera Experiments to Determine the Contribution of Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Cerebral Angiogenesis
Marcia Regina Machein and Karl H. Plate
24. Novel Methods for Accurate Identification, Isolation, and Genomic Analysis of Symptomatic Micro-Environments in Atherosclerotic Arteries
Mark Slevin, Maribel Baldellou, Elspeth Hill, Yvonne Alexander, Garry McDowell, Christopher Murgatroyd, Michael Carroll, Hans Degens, Jerzy Krupinski, Norma Rovira, Mohammad Chowdhury, Ferdinand Serracino-Inglott, and Lina Badimon
Part V: Stimulation of Cerebral Angiogenesis by Gene Delivery
25. Induction of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation in the Adult Mouse
Wanqiu Chen, William L. Young, and Hua Su
26. Stimulation of Cerebral Angiogenesis by Gene Delivery
Yaohui Tang, Yaning Li, Xiaojie Lin, Peng Miao, Yongting Wang, and Guo-Yuan Yang
27. Investigating the Role of Perlecan Domain V in Post-Ischemic Cerebral Angiogenesis
Aileen Marcelo and Gregory Bix
Part VI: Methods to Study Cerebral Angiogenesis In Vitro
28. Isolation and Culture of Primary Mouse Brain Endothelial Cells
Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, Amin Boroujerdi, and Richard Milner
29. Purification of Endothelial Cells from the Rat Brain
Jinhua Luo, Xiangling Yin, Alma Sanchez, Debjani Tripathy, Joseph Martinez, and Paula Grammas
30. Generation of Primary Cultures of Bovine Brain Endothelial Cells and Setup of Co-Cultures with Rat Astrocytes
Hans C. Helms and Birger Brodin
31. Isolation and Culture of Primary Pericytes from Mouse Brain
Amin Boroujerdi, Ulrich Tigges, Jennifer V. Welser-Alves, and Richard Milner
32. Assays to Examine Endothelial Cell Migration, Tube Formation, and Gene Expression Profiles
Shuzhen Guo, Josephine Lok, Yi Liu, Kazuhide Hayakawa, Wendy Leung, Changhong Xing, Xunming Ji, and Eng H. Lo
33. A Neurovascular Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro Model
Christoph M. Zehendner, Robin White, Jana Hedrich, and Heiko J. Luhmann
34. In Vitro Models of the Blood-Brain Barrier
Cathrin J. Czupalla, Stefan Liebner, and Kavi Devraj
Klappentext
Providing a selection of the key techniques that are used in characterizing cerebral angiogenesis, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols aims to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this important process. Divided into six parts, this detailed volume examines cerebral angiogenesis occurring in different scenarios, a variety of different models in which cerebral angiogenesis can be studied, methods to characterize and quantify angiogenic events as well as several different approaches to measure changes in cerebral blood flow, different approaches to investigate the role of specific candidate genes in cerebral angiogenesis, methods of therapeutically manipulating cerebral angiogenesis by gene delivery, and finally important approaches to examine cerebral angiogenic mechanisms in vitro. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their specific topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.n nComprehensive and decidedly practical, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols should be a vital resource for all researchers, both those new to this field as well as those looking to use more specialized and sophisticated techniques to examine blood vessel growth in the brain.
Includes cutting-edge methods and key techniques to characterize cerebral angiogenesis
Provides step-by-step detail essential for reproducible results
Contains key notes and implementation advice from the experts
Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras