Hans-Jürgen Butt studied physics in Hamburg and Göttingen, Germany. Then he went to the Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1989 he went as a post-doc to Santa Barbara, California, using the newly developed atomic force microscope. From 1990-95 he spent as a researcher back in Germany at the Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics. In 1996 he became associate professor for physical chemistry at the University Mainz, three years later full professor at the University of Siegen. Two years later he joined the Max-Planck-Institute of Polymer Research in Mainz and became director for Experimental Physics.Michael Kappl received his PhD thesis from the Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt and worked at the University of Mainz and Siegen. Since 2002 he is a project leader at the Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz. He concentrates his research activities on Surface Forces and the Interactions of Particle Bubbles as well as Monolayer Particles.
A general introduction to surface and interfacial forces, perfectly combining theoretical concepts, experimental techniques and practical applications.In this completely updated edition all the chapters have been thoroughly revised and extended to cover new developments and approaches with around 15% new content. A large part of the book is devoted to surface forces between solid surfaces in liquid media, and while a basic knowledge of colloid and interface science is helpful, it is not essential since all important concepts are explained and the theoretical concepts can be understood with an intermediate knowledge of mathematics. A number of exercises with solutions and the end-of-chapter summaries of the most important equations, facts and phenomena serve as additional tools to strengthen the acquired knowledge and allow for self-study.The result is a readily accessible text that helps to foster an understanding of the intricacies of this highly relevant topic.
A general introduction to surface and interfacial forces, perfectly combining theoretical concepts, experimental techniques and practical applications.
In this completely updated edition all the chapters have been thoroughly revised and extended to cover new developments and approaches with around 15% new content. A large part of the book is devoted to surface forces between solid surfaces in liquid media, and while a basic knowledge of colloid and interface science is helpful, it is not essential since all important concepts are explained and the theoretical concepts can be understood with an intermediate knowledge of mathematics. A number of exercises with solutions and the end-of-chapter summaries of the most important equations, facts and phenomena serve as additional tools to strengthen the acquired knowledge and allow for self-study.
The result is a readily accessible text that helps to foster an understanding of the intricacies of this highly relevant topic.
1 INTRODUCTION
2 VAN DER WAALS FORCES
2.1 Van der Waals Forces Between Molecules
2.2 The Van der Waals Force Between Macroscopic Solids
2.3 The Derjaguin Approximation
2.4 Retarded Van der Waals Forces
2.5 Measurement of Van der Waals Forces
2.6 The Casimir Force
2.7 Summary
2.8 Exercises
3 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS
3.1 Surface Forces Apparatus
3.2 Atomic Force Microscope
3.3 Optical Tweezers
3.4 Total Internal Re¿ection Microscopy
3.5 Magnetic Tweezers
3.6 Summary
3.7 Exercises
4 ELECTROSTATIC DOUBLE-LAYER FORCES
4.1 The Electric Double Layer
4.2 Poisson?Boltzmann Theory of the Diffuse Double Layer
4.3 Beyond Poisson?Boltzmann Theory
4.4 The Gibbs Energy of the Electric Double Layer
4.5 The Electrostatic Double-Layer Force
4.6 The DLVO Theory
4.7 Electrostatic Forces in Nonpolar Media
4.8 Summary
4.9 Exercises
5 CAPILLARY FORCES
5.1 Equation of Young and Laplace
5.2 Kelvin Equation and Capillary Condensation
5.3 The Young?s Equation
5.4 Capillary Forces Calculated with the Circular Approximation
5.5 In¿uence of Roughness
5.6 Kinetics of Capillary Bridge Formation and Rupture
5.7 Capillary Forces in Immiscible liquid Mixtures and Other Systems
5.8 Lateral Forces Between Particles at a Fluid Interface
5.9 Summary
5.10 Exercises
6 HYDRODYNAMIC FORCES
6.1 Fundamentals of Hydrodynamics
6.2 Hydrodynamic Force between a Solid Sphere and a Plate
6.3 Hydrodynamic Boundary Condition
6.4 Gibbs Adsorption Isotherm
6.5 Hydrodynamic Forces Between Fluid Boundaries
6.6 Summary
6.7 Exercises
7 INTERFACIAL FORCES BETWEEN FLUID INTERFACES AND ACROSS THIN FILMS
7.1 Overview
7.2 The Disjoining Pressure
7.3 Drainage
7.4 Thin Film Balance
7.5 Interfacial Forces Across Foam and Emulsion Films
7.6 Thin Wetting Films
7.7 Summary
7.8 Exercises
8 CONTACT MECHANICS AND ADHESION
8.1 Surface Energy of Solids
8.2 Contact Mechanics
8.3 In¿uence of Surface Roughness
8.4 Adhesion Force Measurements
8.5 Summary
8.6 Exercises
9 FRICTION
9.1 Macroscopic Friction
9.2 Lubrication
9.3 Microscopic Friction: Nanotribology
9.4 Summary
9.5 Exercises
10 SOLVATION FORCES AND NON-DLVO FORCES IN WATER
10.1 Solvation Forces
10.2 Non-DLVO Forces in an Aqueous Medium
10.3 The Interaction Between Lipid Bilayers
10.4 Force Between Surfaces with Adsorbed Molecules
10.5 Summary
10.6 Exercises
11 SURFACE FORCES IN POLYMER SOLUTIONS AND MELTS
11.1 Properties of Polymers
11.2 Polymer Solutions
11.3 Steric Repulsion
11.4 Polymer-Induced Forces in Solutions
11.5 Bridging Attraction
11.6 Depletion and Structural Forces
11.7 Interfacial Forces in Polymer Melts
11.8 Summary
11.9 Exercises
12 SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES
Hans-Jürgen Butt studied physics in Hamburg and Göttingen, Germany. Then he went to the Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1989 he went as a post-doc to Santa Barbara, California, using the newly developed atomic force microscope. From 1990-95 he spent as a researcher back in Germany at the Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics. In 1996 he became associate professor for physical chemistry at the University Mainz, three years later full professor at the University of Siegen. Two years later he joined the Max-Planck-Institute of Polymer Research in Mainz and became director for Experimental Physics.
Michael Kappl received his PhD thesis from the Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt and worked at the University of Mainz and Siegen. Since 2002 he is a project leader at the Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz. He concentrates his research activities on Surface Forces and the Interactions of Particle Bubbles as well as Monolayer Particles.
Über den Autor
Hans-Jürgen Butt studied physics in Hamburg and Göttingen, Germany. Then he went to the Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1989 he went as a post-doc to Santa Barbara, California, using the newly developed atomic force microscope. From 1990-95 he spent as a researcher back in Germany at the Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics. In 1996 he became associate professor for physical chemistry at the University Mainz, three years later full professor at the University of Siegen. Two years later he joined the Max-Planck-Institute of Polymer Research in Mainz and became director for Experimental Physics.nnMichael Kappl received his PhD thesis from the Max-Planck-Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt and worked at the University of Mainz and Siegen. Since 2002 he is a project leader at the Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz. He concentrates his research activities on Surface Forces and the Interactions of Particle Bubbles as well as Monolayer Particles.n
Inhaltsverzeichnis
1 INTRODUCTIONnn2 VAN DER WAALS FORCESn2.1 Van der Waals Forces Between Moleculesn2.2 The Van der Waals Force Between Macroscopic Solidsn2.3 The Derjaguin Approximationn2.4 Retarded Van der Waals Forcesn2.5 Measurement of Van der Waals Forcesn2.6 The Casimir Forcen2.7 Summaryn2.8 Exercisesnn3 EXPERIMENTAL METHODSn3.1 Surface Forces Apparatusn3.2 Atomic Force Microscopen3.3 Optical Tweezersn3.4 Total Internal Re¿ection Microscopyn3.5 Magnetic Tweezersn3.6 Summaryn3.7 Exercisesnn4 ELECTROSTATIC DOUBLE-LAYER FORCESn4.1 The Electric Double Layern4.2 Poisson?Boltzmann Theory of the Diffuse Double Layern4.3 Beyond Poisson?Boltzmann Theoryn4.4 The Gibbs Energy of the Electric Double Layern4.5 The Electrostatic Double-Layer Forcen4.6 The DLVO Theoryn4.7 Electrostatic Forces in Nonpolar Median4.8 Summaryn4.9 Exercisesnn5 CAPILLARY FORCESn5.1 Equation of Young and Laplacen5.2 Kelvin Equation and Capillary Condensationn5.3 The Young?s Equationn5.4 Capillary Forces Calculated with the Circular Approximationn5.5 In¿uence of Roughnessn5.6 Kinetics of Capillary Bridge Formation and Rupturen5.7 Capillary Forces in Immiscible liquid Mixtures and Other Systemsn5.8 Lateral Forces Between Particles at a Fluid Interfacen5.9 Summaryn5.10 Exercisesnn6 HYDRODYNAMIC FORCESn6.1 Fundamentals of Hydrodynamicsn6.2 Hydrodynamic Force between a Solid Sphere and a Platen6.3 Hydrodynamic Boundary Conditionn6.4 Gibbs Adsorption Isothermn6.5 Hydrodynamic Forces Between Fluid Boundariesn6.6 Summaryn6.7 Exercisesnn7 INTERFACIAL FORCES BETWEEN FLUID INTERFACES AND ACROSS THIN FILMSn7.1 Overviewn7.2 The Disjoining Pressuren7.3 Drainagen7.4 Thin Film Balancen7.5 Interfacial Forces Across Foam and Emulsion Filmsn7.6 Thin Wetting Filmsn7.7 Summaryn7.8 Exercisesnn8 CONTACT MECHANICS AND ADHESIONn8.1 Surface Energy of Solidsn8.2 Contact Mechanicsn8.3 In¿uence of Surface Roughnessn8.4 Adhesion Force Measurementsn8.5 Summaryn8.6 Exercisesnn9 FRICTIONn9.1 Macroscopic Frictionn9.2 Lubricationn9.3 Microscopic Friction: Nanotribologyn9.4 Summaryn9.5 Exercisesnn10 SOLVATION FORCES AND NON-DLVO FORCES IN WATERn10.1 Solvation Forcesn10.2 Non-DLVO Forces in an Aqueous Mediumn10.3 The Interaction Between Lipid Bilayersn10.4 Force Between Surfaces with Adsorbed Moleculesn10.5 Summaryn10.6 Exercisesnn11 SURFACE FORCES IN POLYMER SOLUTIONS AND MELTSn11.1 Properties of Polymersn11.2 Polymer Solutionsn11.3 Steric Repulsionn11.4 Polymer-Induced Forces in Solutionsn11.5 Bridging Attractionn11.6 Depletion and Structural Forcesn11.7 Interfacial Forces in Polymer Meltsn11.8 Summaryn11.9 Exercisesnn12 SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISESn
Klappentext
A general introduction to surface and interfacial forces, perfectly combining theoretical concepts, experimental techniques and practical applications.nIn this completely updated edition all the chapters have been thoroughly revised and extended to cover new developments and approaches with around 15% new content. A large part of the book is devoted to surface forces between solid surfaces in liquid media, and while a basic knowledge of colloid and interface science is helpful, it is not essential since all important concepts are explained and the theoretical concepts can be understood with an intermediate knowledge of mathematics. A number of exercises with solutions and the end-of-chapter summaries of the most important equations, facts and phenomena serve as additional tools to strengthen the acquired knowledge and allow for self-study.nThe result is a readily accessible text that helps to foster an understanding of the intricacies of this highly relevant topic.
