In Ostasien hat sich mit dem rasanten Wandel der Gegenwart auch der Blick auf die Vergangenheit verschoben. Besonders die von Kolonialismus und Weltkrieg geprägte neuere Geschichte wird in - und zwischen - Japan, China, Taiwan und Südkorea heftig debattiert. In den Beiträgen des Bandes wird gezeigt, wie und warum historische Ereignisse und Persönlichkeiten plötzlich neu gedeutet werden. Geschichte erscheint dabei als Quelle und Ausdruck verschiedener Nationalismen, aber auch als Ausgangspunkt transnationaler Verständigung.
Preface
Steffi Richter
Introduction: De-nationalising and Re-nationalising the Past
Yonson Ahn
I. Contexts of Historical Revisionism
Historical Revisionism in East Asia: What Does Politics Have to Do with It?
Daqing Yang
Historical Revisionism in Contemporary Japan
Steffi Richter
When History Matters: Reconstructing South Korea's National Memory in the Age of Democracy
Koen De Ceuster
Historical Narratives and Trans-nationalism in East Asia
Prasenjit Duara
II. Academic Historiography
A Review of Research on Late Qing History: On the "Basic Lines" of Modern Chinese History
Lei Yi
Re-imagining Community from Different Shores: Nationalism, Post-colonialism and Colonial Modernity in Taiwanese Historiography
Chang Lung-chih
The Colonial Past in Post-colonial South Korea: Colonialism, Modernity and Gender
Yonson Ahn
East Asia Discourses in Contemporary Korea
Eun-Jeung Lee
III. History Textbooks
The Antagonistic Complicity of Nationalisms - On "Nationalist Phenomenology" in East Asian History Textbooks
Lim Jie-Hyun
Revising the Past, Contesting the Future: Reforming History Education in post-Mao China
Alisa Jones
National Fortresses Besieged: History Textbooks in Contemporary Mainland China, Taiwan, and Japan
Claudia Schneider
Writing History Textbooks in East Asia: The Possibilities and Pitfallsof "History that Opens the Future"
Iwasaki Minoru and Narita Ry?ichi
IV. Popular Culture
Historical Adventures of a Post-historical Medium: Japan's Wartime Past as Represented in Manga
Jaqueline Berndt
Manga, Manhwa and Historical Consciousnes: Trans-national Popular Media and the Narrative De/Construction of Japanese-Korean History
Yamanaka Chie
Reinterpreting Late Qing History in Historical Movies and Television Dramas: The Case of the 1898 Reforms
Li Fan and Wang Xiaojing
Revising and Televising the Past in East Asia: "History Soaps" in Mainland China
Matthias Niedenführ
V. Conclusion: Possibilities for Mutual Understanding
History Textbooks in Post-war and Post-conflict Societies: Preconditions and Experiences in Comparative Perspective
Wolfgang Höpken
Lost Memories: Historical Reconciliation and Cross-Border Narratives in Northeast Asia
Tessa Morris-Suzuki
List of contributors
Steffi Richter ist Professorin für Japanologie an der Universität Leipzig.
Revisions of history in East Asia, especially modern history, have in recent years become an increasingly contested enterprise of (re)constructing collective memories and identities, whether ethnic, local, national, or gender identities. In particular, how to (re)interpret national and colonial history has been a significant issue in the region. Revising history is not, of course, an exclusively regional phenomenon, and can occur anywhere whenever changing socio-political power structures and circumstances impel the questioning of hitherto dominant historical narratives and identities. The practice of revising history in East Asia, however, has been especially controversial as it is deeply entangled with contemporary political tensions both within and beyond the boundaries of the modern nation state in the region, while, at the same time, economic and cultural ties draw the countries in the region closer together.
Such "history wars" have become particularly intense since the 1980s, heightening existing tensions in the region. Internationally, there have been territorial disputes such as those over Tokdo/Takeshima between Korea and Japan, the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands between Japan and China/Taiwan, the Kuril Islands between Japan and Russia, and Mount Paekdu/Changbai between Korea and China. Secondly, there have been conflicts over the re-evaluation of certain periods of history, such as recent reassessments of Japanese colonialism, not only in Japan itself but also in Taiwan and South Korea. There has also been controversy over the ancient Kingdom of Kogury?/ Gaogouli between the two Koreas and China. Domestically, issues of re-evaluating the colonial period (in Taiwan, Korea and Japan), and the late Qing period (in China) have been similarly controversial and have been under ongoing debate in academic research, in history pedagogy, and in popular culture.
Part cause and part consequence of these conflicts, "nationalism from below" has flourished, as witnessed, for example, in popular support for the right-wing "revisionists" in Japan and in anti-Japanese sentiment and demonstrations in South Korea and China. The phenomenon of "nationalism from below" is not always directed against Japan, but can also be clearly observed between Korea and China; for example, there have been popular demonstrations in China over the issues of Kogury?/Gaogouli and Mount Paekdu/Changbai. Investigation, protests and/or cooperation on the matter of conflicts over territory, history and textbooks have increased with the growth of civic groups in the region, too. Some are state supported, especially in China, and some are dissident grassroots groups. The role of historical narratives in (re)constructing the theory and praxis of nationalism and national identity has been evident in recent attempts to revise history in the region. At the same time, globalisation, cross-border trade, population mobility, the development of new communication and information technologies, and intercultural interaction have blurred the boundaries between global, national and local identities. The growth of nationalism in the face of globalisation can also be seen in East Asia. Thus, in the age of globalisation, the boundaries of national and local identities based on historical distinctions are shifted and, simultaneously, intensified.
Since the 1990s, in order to replace the so-called "masochistic view of history" (jigyaku shikan), Japanese neo-nationalists have attempted to produce a "bright" historical narrative as the basis for a "healthy nationalism or patriotism". In this attempt, historical revisionists (rekishi sh?seishugi-sha) of a nationalist persuasion, such as those who produced the recent controversial "New History Textbook" (see the chapters by Lim and Schneider), have explicitly sought to justify Japan's colonialism and wartime atrocities in the 20th century. They have accordingly euphemised or even denied Japan's wartime record on issues such as the
Über den Autor
Steffi Richter ist Professorin für Japanologie an der Universität Leipzig.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
PrefacenSteffi RichternnIntroduction: De-nationalising and Re-nationalising the PastnYonson AhnnnnI. Contexts of Historical RevisionismnnHistorical Revisionism in East Asia: What Does Politics Have to Do with It?nDaqing Yang nnHistorical Revisionism in Contemporary JapannSteffi RichternnWhen History Matters: Reconstructing South Korea's National Memory in the Age of DemocracynKoen De Ceuster nnHistorical Narratives and Trans-nationalism in East AsianPrasenjit DuarannnII. Academic HistoriographynnA Review of Research on Late Qing History: On the "Basic Lines" of Modern Chinese HistorynLei Yi nnRe-imagining Community from Different Shores: Nationalism, Post-colonialism and Colonial Modernity in Taiwanese HistoriographynChang Lung-chihnnThe Colonial Past in Post-colonial South Korea: Colonialism, Modernity and GendernYonson AhnnnEast Asia Discourses in Contemporary KoreanEun-Jeung LeennnIII. History TextbooksnnThe Antagonistic Complicity of Nationalisms - On "Nationalist Phenomenology" in East Asian History TextbooksnLim Jie-HyunnnRevising the Past, Contesting the Future: Reforming History Education in post-Mao ChinanAlisa JonesnnNational Fortresses Besieged: History Textbooks in Contemporary Mainland China, Taiwan, and Japan nClaudia SchneidernnWriting History Textbooks in East Asia: The Possibilities and Pitfallsof "History that Opens the Future"nIwasaki Minoru and Narita Ry?ichinnnIV. Popular CulturennHistorical Adventures of a Post-historical Medium: Japan's Wartime Past as Represented in ManganJaqueline BerndtnnManga, Manhwa and Historical Consciousnes: Trans-national Popular Media and the Narrative De/Construction of Japanese-Korean HistorynYamanaka ChiennReinterpreting Late Qing History in Historical Movies and Television Dramas: The Case of the 1898 ReformsnLi Fan and Wang XiaojingnnRevising and Televising the Past in East Asia: "History Soaps" in Mainland China nMatthias NiedenführnnnV. Conclusion: Possibilities for Mutual UnderstandingnnHistory Textbooks in Post-war and Post-conflict Societies: Preconditions and Experiences in Comparative PerspectivenWolfgang HöpkennnLost Memories: Historical Reconciliation and Cross-Border Narratives in Northeast AsianTessa Morris-SuzukinnnList of contributors
Klappentext
In Ostasien hat sich mit dem rasanten Wandel der Gegenwart auch der Blick auf die Vergangenheit verschoben. Besonders die von Kolonialismus und Weltkrieg geprägte neuere Geschichte wird in - und zwischen - Japan, China, Taiwan und Südkorea heftig debattiert. In den Beiträgen des Bandes wird gezeigt, wie und warum historische Ereignisse und Persönlichkeiten plötzlich neu gedeutet werden. Geschichte erscheint dabei als Quelle und Ausdruck verschiedener Nationalismen, aber auch als Ausgangspunkt transnationaler Verständigung.
